{"id":138451,"date":"2019-02-05T08:15:02","date_gmt":"2019-02-05T14:15:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wpshout.com\/?p=7587"},"modified":"2019-02-05T09:14:32","modified_gmt":"2019-02-05T09:14:32","slug":"wordpress-conditional-tags","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wpshout.com\/wordpress-conditional-tags\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Use WordPress Conditional Tags"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>One of the most straightforward, dependable, and useful things in WordPress is what the Codex calls <a href=\"https:\/\/codex.wordpress.org\/Conditional_Tags\">&#8220;Conditional Tags.&#8221;<\/a> In her interview for <a href=\"http:\/\/upandrunningwp.com\/\"><em>Up and Running<\/em><\/a>, Helen Hou-Sand\u00ed said WordPress conditional tags were her favorite WordPress functions for their simplicity and ease of use \u2014 they read just like English. We agree with her on that. They&#8217;re great. To explain them to you in more depth, we&#8217;re sharing a chapter of <em>Up and Running<\/em> here on WPShout. Let&#8217;s get to business understanding conditional tags in WordPress!<\/p>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"wirecutter\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"box-title\">The Ultimate Way to Learn WordPress Development Concepts<\/h3>\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"product-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/courses.wpshout.com\/up-and-running?utm_source=wpshout-post&amp;utm_content=wpshout-conditional-tags-post\">Get <em>Up and Running<\/em> Today!<\/a><\/h2>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/courses.wpshout.com\/up-and-running?utm_source=wpshout-post&amp;utm_content=wpshout-conditional-tags-post\"><img data-opt-id=1209523515  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/iotvnaw69daj.i.optimole.com\/cb:mLvy.66914\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/wpshout.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ebook-cover-small.png\"  decoding=\"async\" class=\"product-image\" src=\"https:\/\/iotvnaw69daj.i.optimole.com\/cb:mLvy.66914\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:eco\/f:best\/https:\/\/wpshout.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ebook-cover-small.png\"><\/a>\t\t\t<em>Up and Running<\/em> is our complete &#8220;learn WordPress development&#8221; course. Now in its updated and expanded 3rd Edition, it&#8217;s helped hundreds of happy buyers learn WordPress development the fast, smart, and thorough way.<\/p>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"cta\"><a class=\"button blue\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.wpshout.com\/up-and-running?utm_source=wpshout-post&amp;utm_content=wpshout-conditional-tags-post\">Get Up and Running Now<\/a><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n<hr \/>\n<div class=\"takeaways\">\n<h2>Key Takeaways about WordPress Conditional Tags:<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>WordPress&#8217;s <em>conditional tags<\/em> are prewritten WordPress functions that test several dozen distinct criteria, mostly about the nature of the post or posts that have been retrieved for processing.<\/li>\n<li>Each conditional tag returns a boolean (either <code>true<\/code> or <code>false<\/code>) based on the result of its check. Combined with PHP <code>if<\/code>-statements, this allows easy conditional code execution in either plugins or themes.<\/li>\n<li>Some conditional tags don&#8217;t function exactly as their name might suggest; this chapter covers several of these cases.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>One of the most straightforward, dependable, and useful things in WordPress is &#8220;conditional tags.&#8221; Several of our interviewees mentioned conditional tags being their favorite WordPress functions for their simplicity and ease of use\u2014they read just like English\u2014and we&#8217;re pretty much on board.<\/p>\n<p>Here, we&#8217;ll discuss the workings of conditional tags, including a few subtle points; list of some of the most useful tags, as well as some of the most confusing; and end with a few examples.<\/p>\n<div class=\"together\">\n<h2>How Conditional Tags in WordPress Work<\/h2>\n<blockquote><p>Conditional tags are WordPress functions that return boolean values when called, based on different criteria.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<p>Conditional tags are WordPress functions that return a boolean value\u2014either <code>true<\/code> or <code>false<\/code>\u2014when called, based on different criteria. These criteria are usually spelled out in the function names.<\/p>\n<p>Conditional tags can be called from anywhere in WordPress: themes, plugins, you name it. They&#8217;re really useful for making yes-or-no type &#8220;conditional&#8221; decisions when you need to.<\/p>\n<p>For example, if we write something like <code>if ( is_sticky_post() ) {}<\/code> in The Loop, the markup inside the <code>if<\/code>-statement will show up <em>only<\/em> if the current post is sticky\u2014&#8221;stuck&#8221; to the top of your blog index, a bit like a pinned tweet\u2014and not otherwise:<\/p>\n<div class=\"together\">\n<pre class=\"language-php\"><code>&lt;?php \n\/* Environment: We're inside a theme template file that uses The Loop, like home.php or index.php *\/\n\nif ( have_posts() ) :\n\twhile ( have_posts() ) :\n\t\tthe_post(); \n\n\t\t\/\/ (Regular Loop contents will go here)\n\n\t\tif ( is_sticky_post() ) :\n\t\t\t\/\/ This code will execute *only* for sticky posts!\n\t\tendif;\n\n\tendwhile;\nendif;<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>Note the syntax of our call to <code>is_sticky_post()<\/code>. Most WordPress conditional tags start with <code>is_<\/code>, because they&#8217;re status checks. And since they&#8217;re most often linked up with <code>if()<\/code>-statements, they really do read like English: &#8220;If is sticky post, then\u2026&#8221;<\/p>\n<div class=\"together\">\n<h2>A Few WP Conditional Tags Worth Discussing<\/h2>\n<p>WordPress has over 50 conditional tags. We won&#8217;t list them all here, but we will call out a few that are either particularly useful or particularly likely to cause confusion (or both).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Useful WordPress Conditional Tags<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><code>is_single()<\/code>: Is true if the page that&#8217;s currently rendering is made up of a single post, of any post type <em>except<\/em> Attachment (a media file) or Page.<\/li>\n<li><code>is_page()<\/code>: Is true if the item being displayed is a single post of WordPress&#8217;s default &#8220;Page&#8221; post type.<\/li>\n<li><code>is_singular()<\/code>: Similar to <code>is_single()<\/code>, but it&#8217;ll also be true when you&#8217;re showing a post of type Attachment or Page. Is equivalent to <code>is_single() || is_page() || is_attachment()<\/code>, where <code>||<\/code> means &#8220;or.&#8221;<\/li>\n<li><code>is_archive()<\/code>: Is true if the current page is displaying a set of archives, whether for an author, a date range, a tag, category, etc.<\/li>\n<li><code>is_main_query()<\/code>: Is true if the current query is the main query for the page. This one&#8217;s really useful when you&#8217;re trying to hack the post-fetching process at <code>pre_get_posts<\/code>\u2014though, in that case, you&#8217;re not using it globally, but as a method on the query object passed to you from the filter.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Possibly-Confusing Conditional Tags<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><code>is_admin()<\/code>: Is true when you&#8217;re in the administration <em>area<\/em> of a WordPress site. This can be a little confusing, because you might mistakenly believe that it&#8217;ll tell you if the current <em>user<\/em> is an Administrator.<\/li>\n<li><code>is_dynamic_sidebar()<\/code>: Is true if any of the currently registered sidebars (widget areas) have active widgets. Not quite what you&#8217;d expect, from the name.<\/li>\n<li><code>is_home()<\/code>: This one&#8217;s confusing. You might think that <code>is_home()<\/code> will tell you if you&#8217;re currently rendering the root of your WordPress site, like <code>http:\/\/example.com<\/code>. This is not exactly the case: WordPress allows you to have <em>either<\/em> a bunch of blog posts at your site&#8217;s root, or a &#8220;Static Front Page.&#8221; If your site has a static front page, your <code>is_home()<\/code> will be <em>false<\/em> on the site&#8217;s homepage (<code>example.com<\/code>), and <em>true<\/em> on the site&#8217;s blog index (<code>example.com\/blog<\/code>). In sum, <code>is_home()<\/code> really amounts to <code>is_blog_posts_index()<\/code>\u2014which, sadly, does not exist.<\/li>\n<li><code>is_front_page()<\/code>: <code>is_front_page()<\/code> is true if you&#8217;re on a static front page, <em>or<\/em> on your blog index <em>if<\/em> you&#8217;re not using a static front page. In other words, it&#8217;ll <em>always<\/em> be true at <code>example.com<\/code>, whatever that page has on it. As you can see, it&#8217;s quite a bit more like &#8220;is home?&#8221; than <code>is_home()<\/code> itself.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>That&#8217;s just a partial list of the conditional tags that start with <code>is_<\/code>. There are also a few that start with <code>has_<\/code> (and some that start with neither). The canonical list is on the Codex, at <a href=\"https:\/\/codex.wordpress.org\/Conditional_Tags\">https:\/\/codex.wordpress.org\/Conditional_Tags<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>Passing Parameters to Conditional Tags in WordPress<\/h2>\n<p>Many conditional tags that evaluate the current post\u2014such as <code>is_singular()<\/code>, <code>is_home()<\/code>, and <code>is_page()<\/code>\u2014have a shared feature: they accept a function parameter that lets you specify an additional attribute that the post must satisfy.<\/p>\n<p>Depending on the function, this attribute can check for the post&#8217;s ID, post type slug, or title. Here are a few examples:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><code>is_singular( 'movie-review' )<\/code> checks for a single post of type Movie Review.<\/li>\n<li><code>is_page( 'Weekly News Roundup' )<\/code> checks for a Page titled &#8220;Weekly News Roundup.&#8221;<\/li>\n<li><code>is_single( 5 )<\/code> checks for a single post with a post ID of 5.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div class=\"together\">\n<h2>Some Use Cases for WordPress Conditional Tags<\/h2>\n<p>There are infinite ways to combine the 50+ conditional tags WordPress supplies to do interesting things. Here are a few common use cases.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"together\">\n<h3>Using Conditional Tags in Template Files<\/h3>\n<p>Conditional tags are very commonly used in WordPress theme development. Sometimes one element in a template hierarchy file is showing up in a few situations where you don&#8217;t want it.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>For example, let&#8217;s say we don&#8217;t want to display the date on pages, but we do on all other post types. Maybe Pages and Posts display identically in all other respects\u2014so we don&#8217;t want to go to the trouble of creating a <code>page.php<\/code> that&#8217;s 99% the same as the <code>index.php<\/code> we already have. Instead, we want to keep <code>index.php<\/code> as our only template file, no matter what post type is displaying.<\/p>\n<p>We can do:<\/p>\n<div class=\"together\">\n<pre class=\"language-php\"><code>\/* Environment: We're inside The Loop, in index.php *\/\n\n&lt;?php if ( ! is_page() ): ?&gt;\n\t&lt;span class=\"meta-date\"&gt;\n\t    &lt;?php the_date(); ?&gt;\n\t&lt;\/span&gt;\n&lt;?php endif; ?&gt;<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"together\">\n<h4>A Note on Conditional Tags and the WordPress Template Hierarchy<\/h4>\n<blockquote><p>You could build the template hierarchy&#8217;s decision-tree yourself using conditional tags.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<p>Taking the example above to its extreme: you can use WordPress conditional tags as a substitute for the entire WordPress template hierarchy! You could just have your whole theme in <code>index.php<\/code>, and use conditional tags to make the same decisions that the template hierarchy normally does.<\/p>\n<p>To actually structure your theme that way is not a great idea, but knowing that it&#8217;s possible\u2014and the equivalencies between conditional tags and the template hierarchy\u2014should help you better understand both. For a more visual take on the subject, check this diagram (one of our favorites): <a href=\"https:\/\/wphierarchy.com\/\">https:\/\/wphierarchy.com\/<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div class=\"together\">\n<h3>Enqueuing Special Stylesheets or JavaScript Files<\/h3>\n<blockquote><p>Conditional tags make it easy to enqueue scripts and styles only on pages where they&#8217;re needed.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<p>Sometimes, you may want a custom page on your website which looks and behaves very uniquely. Perhaps it has a lot of interactive effects, a different look-and-feel, and so on.<\/p>\n<p>To achieve those effects, the page will have lots of custom JavaScript files and CSS stylesheets\u2014which you <em>only<\/em> need for this one page. Loading them across the site will slow every other page down for no good reason.<\/p>\n<div class=\"together\">\n<p>Fortunately, with conditional tags it&#8217;s easy to only enqueue them for one page alone:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"language-php\"><code>\/* Environment: We're in the active theme's functions.php (or perhaps a PHP file in a \"Special Page\" plugin) *\/\n\nfunction wpshout_special_page( ) {\n    if ( ! is_page( 'special-page' ) ) {\n    \treturn;\n\t}\n\n    wp_enqueue_script( \n        'special_js', \n        get_stylesheet_directory_uri().'\/special.js'\n    );\n    wp_enqueue_style( \n        'special_css', \n        get_stylesheet_directory_uri().'\/special.css'\n    );\n}\nadd_action( 'wp_enqueue_scripts', 'wpshout_special_page' );<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>Here, we do our enqueuing as normal, but we&#8217;ve preceded the <code>enqueue<\/code> commands with an <code>if<\/code>-statement: if the current page isn&#8217;t our &#8220;special page,&#8221; the function returns early and our extra scripts and styles aren&#8217;t loaded.<\/p>\n<p>Notice that our <code>is_page()<\/code> call actually has to pass <em>two<\/em> tests:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Is it a Page? This is what <code>is_page()<\/code> itself checks for.<\/li>\n<li>Does the page have the slug <code>special-page<\/code>? To test for this, we passed <code>'special-page'<\/code> in as a <em>parameter<\/em> for <code>is_page()<\/code>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Forcing our <code>is_page()<\/code> call to satisfy <em>both<\/em> of these conditions is what makes it possible to restrict our scripts and styles only to our one particular page.<\/p>\n<div class=\"together\">\n<h2>Note on WordPress Conditional Tags and Global State<\/h2>\n<blockquote><p>WordPress&#8217;s global state has to be set before you can properly use conditional tags.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<p>Conditional tags access WordPress&#8217;s <em>global state<\/em>\u2014the &#8220;way things are&#8221; in the background\u2014and that state has to be set before you can properly use them.<\/p>\n<p>As a result, you can&#8217;t dependably use WordPress conditionals until the WordPress &#8220;factory&#8221; process has marked the <code>posts_selection<\/code> action. (Here&#8217;s a full list of actions marked by WordPress and their order: <a href=\"https:\/\/codex.wordpress.org\/Plugin_API\/Action_Reference#Actions_Run_During_a_Typical_Request\">https:\/\/codex.wordpress.org\/Plugin_API\/Action_Reference#Actions_Run_During_a_Typical_Request<\/a>.)<\/p>\n<p>This means that some commonly used hooks can&#8217;t be used simultaneously with conditional tags. <code>setup_theme<\/code>, <code>init<\/code>, <code>register_sidebar<\/code>, and <code>pre_get_posts<\/code> are a few of the more common action hooks for which conditional tags aren&#8217;t accessible. However, about half the hooks that WordPress typically fires, and all the template-rendering that it does, happen well after the template tags are loaded, and so they&#8217;re fully useful there.<\/p>\n<p>Most of the time, this will be a non-issue, but it&#8217;s good to know what you can and can&#8217;t do, for the rare case in which this knowledge becomes very important.<\/p>\n<div class=\"together\">\n<h2>Wrapping Up<\/h2>\n<p>Conditional tags are a very easy-to-use way to create conditional functionality of all sorts within WordPress. They&#8217;re one of WordPress&#8217;s gifts to its developers, so enjoy!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"chapter-closer\"><img data-opt-id=71250027  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/iotvnaw69daj.i.optimole.com\/cb:mLvy.66914\/w:300\/h:122\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/wpshout.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/1_up-and-running-shoe-300x122.png\"  decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iotvnaw69daj.i.optimole.com\/cb:mLvy.66914\/w:300\/h:122\/q:eco\/f:best\/https:\/\/wpshout.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/1_up-and-running-shoe-300x122.png\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"limerick\">\n<h2>Summary Limerick<\/h2>\n<p>For code that runs <code>if<\/code> something&#8217;s true,<br \/>\nConditional tags are for you.<br \/>\nWith many a test,<br \/>\nThis system <code>is_<\/code> best<br \/>\nAt dictating what (not?) to do.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"quiz\">\n<h2>Quiz Time!<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>Every WordPress conditional tag <code>return<\/code>s:\n<ol class=\"choices\">\n<li>HTML markup<\/li>\n<li>A boolean value<\/li>\n<li>A WordPress post object<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>Conditional tags would <em>not<\/em> be useful for:\n<ol class=\"choices\">\n<li>Loading stylesheets and JavaScript onto only those pages where they are needed<\/li>\n<li>Adding social media icons to the site&#8217;s footer on every Post (but not on Pages)<\/li>\n<li>Deleting every image uploaded to the site that is wider than 1000px<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li><code>if ( is_single() ) { echo 'Hi!'; }<\/code> will <code>echo<\/code> &#8220;Hi!&#8221; if:\n<ol class=\"choices\">\n<li>The webpage being rendered contains a single post of type Page<\/li>\n<li>The webpage being rendered contains a single post of type Movie Review<\/li>\n<li>The webpage being rendered contains only one Loop<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div class=\"answers\">\n<h4>Answers and Explanations<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li><code>B.<\/code> In other words, when you execute a conditional tag, you get back either <code>true<\/code> or <code>false<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li><code>C.<\/code> WordPress&#8217;s conditional tags generally relate to properties like post type, post title, and author, not to the dimensions of media attachments.<\/li>\n<li><code>B.<\/code> <code>is_single()<\/code> <code>return<\/code>s <code>false<\/code>\u2014even when only a single post is being processed\u2014if the post being processed is of post type Page or Attachment. When the post bundle being processed consists of a single post of any other post type (including custom post types, such as &#8220;Movie Review&#8221;), <code>is_single()<\/code> <code>return<\/code>s <code>true<\/code>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"wirecutter\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"box-title\">Seem like a good way to learn WordPress development?<\/h3>\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"product-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/courses.wpshout.com\/up-and-running?utm_source=wpshout-post&amp;utm_content=wpshout-conditional-tags-post\">Get <em>Up and Running<\/em> Today!<\/a><\/h2>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/courses.wpshout.com\/up-and-running?utm_source=wpshout-post&amp;utm_content=wpshout-conditional-tags-post\"><img data-opt-id=1209523515  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/iotvnaw69daj.i.optimole.com\/cb:mLvy.66914\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/wpshout.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ebook-cover-small.png\"  decoding=\"async\" class=\"product-image\" src=\"https:\/\/iotvnaw69daj.i.optimole.com\/cb:mLvy.66914\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:eco\/f:best\/https:\/\/wpshout.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ebook-cover-small.png\"><\/a>\t\t\tYou just read a selection from <em>Up and Running<\/em>, our complete &#8220;learn WordPress development&#8221; course. Now in its updated and expanded 3rd Edition, it&#8217;s helped hundreds of happy buyers learn WordPress development the fast, smart, and thorough way.<\/p>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"cta\"><a class=\"button blue\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.wpshout.com\/up-and-running?utm_source=wpshout-post&amp;utm_content=wpshout-conditional-tags-post\">Get Up and Running Now<\/a><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>One of the most straightforward, dependable, and useful things in WordPress is what the Codex calls &#8220;Conditional Tags.&#8221; In her interview for Up and Running, Helen Hou-Sand\u00ed said WordPress conditional tags were her favorite WordPress functions for their simplicity and ease of use \u2014 they read just like English. We agree with her on that.&hellip;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/wpshout.com\/wordpress-conditional-tags\/\" class=\"\" rel=\"bookmark\">Read More &raquo;<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">How to Use WordPress Conditional Tags<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":98,"featured_media":7598,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_stopmodifiedupdate":false,"_modified_date":"","neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","neve_meta_reading_time":"","_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8384],"tags":[8385,8391],"hashtags":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.3 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How to Use WordPress Conditional Tags<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/wpshout.com\/wordpress-conditional-tags\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How to Use WordPress Conditional Tags\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"One of the most straightforward, dependable, and useful things in WordPress is what the Codex calls &ldquo;Conditional Tags.&rdquo; In her interview for Up and Running, Helen Hou-Sand&iacute; said WordPress conditional tags were her favorite WordPress functions for their simplicity and ease of use &mdash; they read just like English. 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